《中南林业调查规划》性质及学科分类

根据期刊性质和学科分类方法,以文献数量对《中南林业调查规划》进行分类,以明确其性质和学科归属。研究表明,《中南林业调查规划》2010年刊登的论文以学术性为主,林业类文献占当年文献总量的的56.52%,其余学科文献量较少,不能划入相应学科,因此应将该刊归类为林业类专业学术期刊。     

New evidence of homoplasy within the African genus Varicorhinus (Cyprinidae): an independent origin of specialized scraping forms in the adjacent drainage systems of Ethiopia inferred from mtDNA analysis

Interrelationships of the two specialized scraping periphyton-feeders, Varicorhinus beso and V. jubae, and some large African barbs, Labeobarbus spp., inhabiting three main regions of Ethiopia (the Western and Eastern Plateaus, and the Rift Valley separating them) were investigated using the sequence analysis of a fragment (609 base pairs) of the mtDNA control region. The two scraping forms in question appeared to be phylogenetically distant: V. beso had branched off before the main radiation of the Ethiopian Labeobarbus took place, whereas V. jubae is a sister group of the Labeobarbus gananensis complex sympatrically occurring with it in the south of the Eastern Plateau. For geographical reasons, among the congeneric species, V. jubae could be considered as the most closely related to V. beso, the type species of the genus, but judging from the available data this genus seems to be monotypic, while jubae should be classified as a member of Labeobarbus.     

南疆铁路沿线地区城镇化现状及进程研究

研究南疆铁路沿线五地州的近18a以来的城镇化进程及其发展变化情况。从城市化水平分析了五地州的城镇发展状况;同时,详细查阅南疆铁路沿线五地州1990-2007年的统计数据,选取适合该地区的综合城市化水平测量指标后,利用SPSS统计学软件,采用回归分析方法,建立了非农业人口及总人口随年份变化的回归方程,陈述了该地区城镇化发展特征,分析了该地区城镇化发展的限制因素;在对总人口及非农业人口的变化进行预测的基础上对南疆铁路沿线地区将来20a的城镇化发展进行拟预测和分析,最后拟提出加快该地区社会经济发展而促进城镇化快速、持续、全面发展的建议。     

烟草不同育苗方式育苗效应的比较研究

试验引进了南非隔离育苗方式,与漂浮育苗方式、两段托盘育苗方式进行了烟草育苗比较研究.结果表明,南非隔离育苗方式显著提高了烟草苗期的积温,在出苗率、株高、叶片数、茎粗、主根长度、根系干鲜重、植株干鲜重等指标上明显优于另外两种育苗方式,且具有省时省工、操作简便、运行成本低的特点,是值得大面积推广的一项烟草育苗新技术.     

南粤居住区园林植物应用现状调查

通过对南粤地区6个居住区园林工程项目的绿化设计进行调查,收集南粤居住区常用的植物种类以及使用量,此总结了居住区绿地规划设计中园林植物品种选择的规律,为华南地区园林苗圃的生产提供参考。     

Phylogeography and genetic diversity of Psammophis schokari (Serpentes) in North Africa based on mitochondrial DNA sequences

The snake Psammophis schokari has a widespread distribution across North Africa, and in Morocco/Western Sahara is represented by three different morphotypes: striped, unicoloured and the Western-Sahara morph. ND4 mitochondrial DNA sequences from 28 specimens comprising 20 P. shokari, two P. aegyptius, one P. elegans, two P. sibilans, one P. condanarus and two outgroups were analysed. Within P. schokari we identified four genetic lineages (Morocco/Western Sahara, Mauritania, Algeria and Israel) with a genetic divergence ranging from 4-5%, less than that typically found between different species. Surprisingly, Moroccan/Western Sahara and Algerian lineages are the most divergent ones. This geographic substructuring may be due to severe climate changes in the Sahara desert between the Miocene and Pleistocene associated with expansion/contraction phases of this desert. Psammophis aegyptius is the sister-taxon of Psammophis schokari with a high level of genetic divergence between them (10.7%) supporting the recognition of P. aegyptius as a distinct species. The three Moroccan/Western Sahara colour morphotypes form one genetic lineage, indicating that colour pattern does not reflect a different phylogenetic history, and is probably an ecological adaptation to the local environment.     

韩国松材线虫病防治进展及其启示

韩国是世界上松材线虫病主要发生国，通过20多年的研究和治理，对松材线虫病有较丰富的管理经验和先进的防治技术。通过对该国实地考察，较系统地了解了松材线虫病在韩国的发生危害、研究现状和实用控制技术，并针对湖南省的实际情况，提出了有效预防、治理的措施和方法。     

The influence of interaction with forest on cognitive function

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate whether forest experience had a positive impact on cognitive function. Cognitive function refers to a person's ability to intellectually process by which one becomes aware of, perceives, or comprehends ideas. It involves all aspects of perception, thinking, reasoning, and remembering. Sixty university students participated in this study. We compared the restorative effects on cognitive functioning of interactions with forest versus urban environments. To measure participants’ cognitive function and mood state, Trail Making Test B and Profile of Mood States were used in this study. The results of this study indicated that participants’ cognitive function was significantly improved when they walked in forest (i.e. time taken to complete the task was shortened by more than 7 seconds), but not when they walked downtown. In addition, participants’ mood also positively changed when they walked in forest. The results of this study confirmed Kaplan's attention restoration theory (ART). ART has emphasized the importance of cognitive functions from interaction with natural environments such as forests.     

Diseases of Rubber and their Control

Abstract

Most of the major diseases of Hevea brasiliensis are of worldwide distribution (with the notable exception of South American leaf blight, against which strict quarantine regulations are enforced by rubber-growing countries outside the Americas to prevent the unauthorised import of Hevea) but their local severity and importance vary from one region to another. Root diseases are a serious problem nearly everywhere and regular rounds of inspection and treatment are essential while the trees are still young in order to prevent serious losses. The recently introduced prophylactic collar protectant dressings specific to each of the three main diseases are valuable aids to control.

Diseases of the tapping panel may prevent tapping or hinder bark regeneration; black stripe in particular (Phytophthora palmivora) can be very persistent and is often eradicated only by repeated therapeutic fungicidal treatment of the bark. Stem diseases, chiefly pink disease (Corticium salmonicolor), are important in certain areas in wet weather, and can lead to severe damage and even dieback in the absence of effective treatment.

Four major leaf diseases can have a debilitating effect on the tree. Abnormal leaf fall (Phytophthora spp.) is severe in India, causing the abscission of mature leaves during the monsoon rains; treatment necessitates the application of a pre-monsoon prophylactic copper spray. Secondary leaf fall, caused both by Oidium heveae and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides which infect the flushes of new leaves produced after the annual leaf change (wintering), varies greatly in severity according to local weather and cultivar. It can be controlled by repeated rounds of an appropriate prophylactic fungicide or, under certain conditions, by artificially hastening the onset of wintering (and thus of refoliation) by removing the old leaves with a contact herbicide. By far the most important leaf disease is South American leaf blight (Microcyclus ulei); it is largely responsible for the lack of a vigorous rubber industry in South America, the home of the rubber tree. It can only be effectively countered by the use of resistant cultivars.

The economic importance of the above diseases is discussed and current control measures described.     

韩国枣树的生产现状及主要科研成果

韩国是世界上第二大枣树生产国，也是除我国外唯一进行规模化枣树商品栽培的国家。韩国的枣树由我国传入，现已有２０００多年的栽培历史。在韩国，枣果除少量直接生食外，大多数在人工干制后加工成各种饮料和传统食品。此外，枣在韩国还是传统的药材及祭祀祖先和欢庆节日...